@RestControllerAdvice centralizes the exception handling of all controllers in one class. Each @ExceptionHandler method maps an exception type to an HTTP response (404, 409, 400). Controllers and services simply throw business exceptions, which are translated in one place.
Example
@ExceptionHandler(ClientIntrouvable.class)
ResponseEntity<?> introuvable(ClientIntrouvable e) {
return ResponseEntity.notFound().build();
}